Water - SCADA

Public drinking Water Works aims to provide safe potable water to every person. To achieve this they pump raw water from various sources like river and bore wells, process the raw water and then distribute to the public through various service reservoirs present across the city. Both Quantity and Quality of water is very much important for Public Drinking water works. Power full software and measuring instruments can help in optimization of the water works functionality.

Water Management system aims to provide Quality and Quantity Auditing in Public Drinking Water Systems. The system logs data related to various parameters like Flow rate, Volume accumulated, quality assurance by measuring the ppm of chlorine etc in various parts of the city. The entire data is transferred to the one central place and reports are provided for further analysis and optimization of the Drinking Water Schemes

Objectives of the WaterSCADA system:

Quality of water:

• To ensure quality of water during end user distribution
• Identification of improper chlorination at plants
• Identification of chlorine decay in reservoirs and pipelines
• Informing the field operator regarding local boosting before distribution

Quantity of water:

• To avoid imbalances created by excess supply in one area and shortfall in other area.
• To ensure right quantity of water daily to the public

Timeliness and duration of supply:

• To ensure water supply at the right time
• Unreliable timings and durations will be identified
• Improper reservoir operations that may affect supply in other areas will be identified

Unaccounted for water

• Reduce water losses due to overflows, leakages
• Identification of plant vs reservoirs Unaccounted For Water(UFW)
• To determine Unaccounted for Water(UFW) in water supply lines

Cost of operations:

• To reduce cost of per unit water by reducing the wastage of water
• Measuring the energy consumption at a plant

Benefits:

• Total accountability in Water production and Water distribution system.
• Continuous monitoring and display of network flow status and supervisory controls.
• Reports overflows, leakages, Unaccounted For Water (UFW) at various stages of distribution.
• Uniform distribution of water can be achieved though out the supply area eliminating imbalances.
• Online information and historical data helps in managing demand variations.
• Automated reports helps in taking timely decision.
• Continuous assessment can ensure water Quality & Quantity.
• Improves quality of service and overall plant efficiency.

Architecture of WaterSCADA system

Typical arrangement of Water SCADA equipment at reservoir

Flow meter

• Measures the inlet/outlet flowrate of a reservoir/sump
• Measure the flowrate in a pipeline in both the directions
• Generates output in the form of user programmable 4-20mA,RS232

Level meter

• Measures level in the reservoir/sump
• Indicates abnormal condition like low level, overflow using digital outputs
• Generates 4-20mA user programmable current output

Chlorine analyzer

• Measures free residual chlorine at the inlet and outlet of the reservoir and at the plant outlet
• The chlorine level is sampled for every 2.5 minutes
• Generates 4-20mA user programmable current output

Pressure sensor

• Measures the head of the pump at plant outlet
• The efficiency of the plant can be identified
• Generates 4-20mA current output

Energy meter

• Measures energy parameters at a scan rate of 5 seconds
• The energy consumption measurement can be used to identify the cost of production
• Transfers data using RS232 communication

Intelligent Electronic Device (IED/RTU)

• IED collects data from all the equipments through wired or wireless communication and processes the data.
• The parameters are scanned at the rate of 250ms by IED and data is generated based on user defined tolerance
• The data is transferred to central location through GSM communication on request.
• IED generates various configurable Alarms like, tank overflow, leakages, insufficient flow rate etc
• Local information like present water level, flow rate, chlorine level and various other status for the local operator through LCD display to optimize the daily operations
• Valve/Motor On/OFF can be controlled using digital outputs of IED

Front End Processor(FEP)

• Receives data from all the IEDs by polling each IED
• Validates received data.
• The data from all the IEDs is sequenced and timestamped
• Having provision to store large amount of data for historical trends

Central Monitoring Unit(CMU)

• Receives the data from FEP, process the online data
• Provides central monitoring of all IEDs using FEP
• Provides control over field operations by generating commands to FEP
• Generates online trends , mimic displays
• Generates user defined alarms

Server

• CMU stores the processed data in the server
• Decision making reports are generated through data in the server
• Maintains the historical trends for future analysis
• The daily, monthly, yearly conclusions are maintained in the server

Software features

• Receives data from all IEDs through FEP
• Processes the data
  • Displays online graphical and textual information
  • Mimic display of hyraulic network consisting of plants and it's reservoirs
  • Equipment health monitoring
  • Alarms generation for any abnormal behaviour of the reservoir/sump regarding quality, quantity and timeliness
• Stores the data for future reference
• Generates reports
  • Daily report containing the filling ,distribution, overflow, leakage , unaccounted for water(UFW),water quality details of a reservoir
  • Monthly summary report of all the problems regarding quality , quantity , wastage, timeliness ,uniform distribution of water supply
  • Monthly, weekly, daily summary historical trends for different levels of users shall be provided to make water distribution management easier

Online graphical and textual information of all parameters at a glance

Mimic display of plant and reservoirs/sumps network

Daily report containing the filling ,distribution, overflow, leakage details of all reservoirs/sumps

Summary report of all the problems regarding quality , quantity , wastage, timeliness ,uniform distribution of water supply

Hardware Specifications

REMOTE TERMINAL UNIT:

Processor	32 bit processor
RTC	RTC with built in battery backup
I/O Capacity	Analog inputs : Min.8 should be expandable to meet all the required parameters to be measured for monitoring and controlling. Resolution : 16 - bit Accuracy : 0.1% Galvanic isolation between channels. Digital inputs : 32 and expandable as per requirement . Digital outputs : Min.8 should support all the control devices as per the site and project requirement.
Memory Capacity	Stores up to 10 lakh records for memory card interface to retrieve records.
Displays	2line x 24 character LCD
Keypad	4 x 3 alphanumeric keypad
Communication Supportability	Either GSM or RF or wired communication.
Communication Protocol	Standard Proven protocol
Printer interface	Serial printer
Operating voltage	18 - 32 VDC
Mechanical	Euro Rack with backplane for CPU and other modules.
Housing Rack	To secure RTU, Battery charger, Batteries etc., with necessary wiring and with viewing glass on door
Operating Temperature	10 – 850 C

Multiport Front End Processor

Processor	32 bit processor
RTC	RTC with built in battery backup
Memory Capacity	Stores and maintains latest 10 lakh records.
Displays	2 line with 24 character LCD. 6 digit seven segments display.
Keypad	4 * 3 alphanumeric keypad
Communication Supportability	Either GSM or RF or wired communication.
Communication Ports	8 network ports (either GSM or RF or Wired communication) 2 PC ports 1 Debugger port 3 spare ports
Communication Protocol	Standard Proven protocol
Operating voltage	18 - 32 VDC
Mechanical	Euro Rack with backplane for CPU and other modules.
Housing Rack	To secure FEP, Battery charger, Batteries etc., with necessary wiring and with viewing glass on door
Operating Temperature	10 – 85° C

Leakage Report

Over Flow

Online Faults

Schedule Deviation Report